由北达科他州大豆委员会资助
非转基因改良品种及种质选育
This project would provide soybean farmers with improved non-GMO cultivars that have been developed by NDSU. 也, growers need information that enables them to select the best private company variety for their farm 和 to identify which varieties are best on Soybean Cyst Nematode (SCN) infested soil 和 iron-deficiency chlorosis (IDC) prone soils. This project would provide yield results of variety testing on SCN-infested soils 和 soils that exhibit IDC symptoms. 还将提供公司品种的蛋白质和油脂含量. NDSU大豆育种计划在提供极具竞争力的品种方面有着悠久的历史. There are many improved non-GMO experimental lines that are close to being released as named cultivars or as specialty release food grade varieties. The non-GMO breeding effort is very important as a source of high-yielding parents for use in the development of glyphosate-resistant cultivars 和 for specialty release to soy food companies.
缺铁性褪绿症的目视评分
缺铁性黄萎病(IDC)在北达科他州很常见，并降低了产量. 减少与IDC相关的产量损失的最好方法是选择一个耐受性强的品种. Growers need data that compares varieties from different private companies in the same environments using the same experimental method. This proposal would permit approximately 350 different GMO company varieties 和 non-GMO varieties to be evaluated for IDC tolerance. 另外100人 将对NDSU育种品系进行评价. All private company varieties that have been entered into the Langdon 研究 和 扩展 Center (REC), 卡灵顿矩形, 迈诺特列克, 和 Fargo Main Station yield trials will be evaluated for visual ratings of IDC at multiple field locations. 此外，将对100个NDSU系进行已知IDC分子标记的遗传测试. 这些数据将与现场得分进行对比，以确定IDC的准确性 预测. 这些标记的验证将允许在NDSU计划中选择耐IDC的品种. Visual yellowing that is caused by IDC has been shown to be closely correlated to yield for fields that have IDC. This data will provide an independent confirmation of the IDC tolerance of company products 和 enable growers to compare varieties from different companies. This proposal will aid growers in selection of tolerant cultivars to increase yield on fields that have a past history of IDC.
抗草甘膦大豆品种选育
The grant would enable NDSU to continue the process of developing glyphosate-resistant soybean cultivars. There are glyphosate-resistant experimental lines in the NDSU breeding program that are being tested in a range of 成熟 that varies from a 1.0到00.4成熟，并在整个北达科他州适当适应. 每年都开发新的试验品系. 该项目将大大降低大豆种植者的种子成本. NDSU has a very large breeding program devoted to development of glyphosate-resistant cultivars 和 will continue to exp和 this year. Monsanto has stated that starting in 2015 growers will be able to save their own seed for planting the following year. 然而，私人公司的品种也受到品种专利的保护. NDSU开发的品种没有专利. The cost savings for growers that purchase glyphosate-resistant cultivars developed by NDSU will occur the second 和 subsequent years after the initial purchase of the seed. 新的实验品种的种子将在智利、南美和南美洲增加.A. 每年冬天加快开发和发布.
中北部大豆研究计划资助
SOYGEN2:通过开发工具提高大豆产量和种子成分的遗传增益, 美国中北部公共育种者的专业知识和社区
大豆研究界为大豆育种提供了令人难以置信的公共资源, 包括协同产量试验，如北方统一大豆试验(NUST), 哪些可以追溯到1941年, 商品委员会资助了基因型数据和基因型平台. 然而, these tools can be better leveraged to enhance genetic gains for yield 和 improvement for 种子成分 in soybean. 作为我们第一个目标的一部分, 我们正在通过SoyBase中的育种数据库为这些资源增加价值和效用, 目前社区支持的USDA-ARS大豆遗传和基因组数据存储库. 除了农艺, 电阻, 和通常在科大收集的成分数据, we have added GPS coordinates in order to access environmental data for the NUST 和 have added genotypic data to both the NUST 和 the SCN Regional Trials, 这些信息将有助于产量和种子组成稳定的育种.
Genomics-assisted breeding entails the use of genome-wide molecular marker data to aid in breeding decisions that make breeding programs more efficient 和 effective. 乐虎集团范围从基因组选择, 哪一种方法可以增加选择强度，让家长在项目中更早地进行选择, to the use of genomic data to optimally pair parents for creation of breeding populations containing more superior breeding lines 和 even possibly more favorable correlations between traits such as seed yield 和 protein. 后一种乐虎集团被称为“基因组交配”.
Numerous scientific articles have been published on the development 和 optimization of genomics-assisted plant breeding 和, 在某种程度上, 通过我们之前的NCSRP项目, 我们了解了基因组学辅助育种方法在大豆上的最佳乐虎集团. 基因组学辅助育种在公共植物育种社区的实际实施情况, 然而, 是最小的. 因此, Objective 2 is focused on the development 和 use of high-throughput genome-wide genotyping technologies that are of low cost with high-quality repeatable marker data, 和 making available tools for genomic data management 和 decisions that integrate genomic data 和 phenotypic data along with various analysis pipelines in a user-friendly form. 虽然我们正在使这些工具和技术广泛可用, the transfer 和 availability to the public sector is critical to our ability to effectively train future soybean breeders, 其中许多人将受雇于使用这些技术的私营部门公司.
通过育种提高大豆产量的速度比种植者预期的要慢. A collaborative study led by Diers of a historic set of MG II-IV varieties released from 1923 to 2008 revealed a recent rate of genetic gain of 0.43磅/年，而玉米遗传增益的报道一般在1磅/年.0 to 1.2 bu / ac /年. 此外，这项研究还发现，在这两个时间段之间，蛋白质含量减少了1%.7个百分点，一个不受欢迎的结果. 本工作的目的3是对不同的育种方法进行评价, 每一个都针对一个或多个需要改进的领域, 比如选择强度, 精度, 多样性, 以及每个繁殖周期所需的时间, 与此同时，性状的改善通常表现为负相关, 如产量和种子蛋白质含量. Breeders will implement 和 test the methods in their own breeding programs to determine which methods are most viable to improve genetic gains. 跨育种项目汇编数据将为我们的发现提供力量和信心.
拟议的活动建立在以前由国家科学方案委员会资助的这个小组的项目的基础上. One main objective in that project dealt with extensive evaluation of diverse soybean genotypes from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection over four years 和 30 environments to obtain high-quality phenotype 和 environment data. 在本项目的目标4中详细说明了完成和后续工作, 它为工具开发和实现提供了基础信息. 该研究的信息将在本项目中用于目标1、2和3. 在项目中评估的750个条目的整个集合，或这些条目的各个子集(i.e. 仅限外来陆地种、仅限精英种质、仅限某些地理区域等.)可以作为产量预测的训练集, 种子成分, 成熟, 以及其他不同目标和项目的特点.
http://www.soybeanresearchdata.com/Project.aspx?id=54458
